Pancreatic islets, also known as islets of Langerhans, are clusters of cells located within the pancreas that are responsible for regulating blood sugar levels by producing and releasing insulin and glucagon. These cells play a crucial role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body. Dysfunction of pancreatic islets can lead to conditions such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Research in this area focuses on understanding the biology of pancreatic islets, identifying factors that contribute to their dysfunction, and developing new therapeutic approaches to treat diabetes and other related metabolic disorders.